PFTsExpiration solid · inspiration dashedSynthetic illustration
Normal spirometry, breathless anyway
advancedA 58-year-old with systemic sclerosis, breathless on hills for six months. Her spirometry is pronounced 'normal' and she is referred for reassurance.
Pulmonary function
FEV12.40L88% pred
FVC3.10L92% pred
FEV1/FVC77%
TLC91% pred
DLCO46% pred
Interpretation here uses the common teaching thresholds (0.70 ratio, 80% predicted); formal reports use lower limits of normal.
Flow-volume loop